Definition of IT by Scholars
Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.(Association for Educational Communications and Technology, 2008).
Considering of the definition from AECT 2008, I illustrated that Instructional Technology is a field of study that concentrates on the process which is able to involve learners and instructors efficiency for the learning procedure by applying some different techniques and skills. Meanwhile, it also needs to fit the learners' requirements and adjust itself under the time background. So, my personal believe is that IT is actually updated day by day, never stopped follow with the development of technology.
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My Definition of IT
Scholars to Instructional Technology Field
History of Instructional Technology
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Three Learning Theories
Behaviorism
Behaviorism theory was proposed by B.F. Skinner, he emphasizes the role of environmental factors in influencing behavior. Positively and negatively feedback could reinforce students behavior and form students behaviors patterns gradually.
Cognitivism
Cognitivism is focused on the learners' internal structured about the information and knowledge, such as how our brains received, transformed, and stored for remembering. Cognitivism is more appropriate for explaining complex forms of learning than are those of a more behavioral perspective (Schunk, 1991) From my understanding, I think this theory is to explain that how our brain to learn, and to do the problem-solving and information-processing.
Constructivism
Constructivism is a reformation of educational psychology in 1990's. It focused on the initiative from then learner-selves not only depends on the stimuli from the outside. Teachers create a learning environment in classroom where students could involve into their own learning, which means teachers act as facilitator and guide instead of simple instructors.
Instructional Technology Trend
More and more various of technologies will be applied in instructional field. I'd like to generated from two different aspects.
1. From the users engagement:
Mobile(APPs) learning is going to be a new trend accompanied with 5G is in developing. Easier access offers learners opportunities to learn anywhere anytime.
2. From delivering strategies:
VR/MR is being used in current curriculum designing process. Learners only wear a little gear or equipment, and the class could come in front of her eyes. High achievement of interaction would bring the learners into a "reality".
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Reflection and Artifacts
In the class of ETEC500, The Foundation of Instructional Technology, I learned the definition of Instructional technology and the history of it. Moreover, I learned the first website makeup language: HTML, based on that, I'm able to create and build up website. At the same time, I built up my own educational philosophy after I learned three important educational theories.
This class is really helpful for my future work.Knowing HTML language could help me to do some website design related works. Educational philosophies and theories give me more understanding about the how knowledge delivering and how our brains work on tons of information.
Reference：
AECT Definition and Terminology Committee. (2008). Definition. In A. Januszewski & M. Molenda (Eds.), Educational technology: A definition with commentary. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Bloom, B. S., Engellhart, M, D., Furst, E. J., Hill, W. H., & Krathwohl, D. R. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook 1: Cognitive domain. New York: David McKay.
Gagne, R. M. (1985). The conditions of learning and theory of instruction. (4th ed). Orlando, FL: Robert Woodburry.
Schunk, D. H. (1991). Learning theories: An educational perspective. New York: Macmillan.
Skinner, B. F. (1958). Teaching machines. Science, 128, 969-977.
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